看，这是哲学
最新书摘：
-
关彳山2020-01-21哲学家要表明无法掌握这种蕴含的逻辑会导致“用语言蛊惑我们的理智”，并且表明，倘若无理由地干涉我们思考和谈论这个世界的日常方式，就会导致“语言的休假”，正是这个“语言的休假”产生出大量笑话，构成了我们大部分的哲学史。维特根斯坦说过，“（我的哲学旨在）给捕蝇瓶中的苍蝇指明出路”。当然，在维特根斯坦的故乡维也纳，我们很容易便能做出一个普通的捕蝇瓶，只需往醋瓶子里放些蜂蜜就行了。
-
关彳山2020-01-21“一战”期间，维特根斯坦回到奥地利入伍当兵。有这样一个传说，他在背包中装了一沓稿纸，并带着它走进战壕。不久，他被意大利人俘虏了，作为战俘，他开始着手写作《逻辑哲学论》。
-
关彳山2020-01-21据摩尔说，他在哲学课上听到了最令人吃惊的一些论断——一些他无法确定其准确含义的东西。对他而言，那些讲座似乎全是在否定对每个正常人都知道为真的东西。摩尔当时肯定是一个令人讨厌的本科生。如果麦克塔加特断言空间不是实在的，摩尔就会问，那是否意味着他旁边的那堵墙并不比图书馆大楼离他更近；如果麦克塔加特断言时间不是实在的，摩尔就想知道，那是否意味着这堂课不会在中午结束。罗素觉得摩尔提出的“天真”的问题非常振奋人心。
-
关彳山2020-01-21密尔担心最糟糕的情况，并认为它对文明进步来说是一个不祥之兆。如果我们让自己接受快乐计算法的指导，那么或许会证明猪是正确的：在泥浆里打滚可能比研究哲学排名更高。
-
关彳山2020-01-21所以，他决定通过把他的物理学思想偷偷写进一部名为《沉思集》的哲学著作中，来把这些思想逐步展现给不明真相的宗教当权派。笛卡尔以奴颜婢膝和自轻自贱的方式把这本书献给了“巴黎神学院的最睿智和最杰出的圣师们”。与此同时，他在给朋友的信中写道：“书中的六个沉思包含了我思考物理学的全部基本思想。但请不要声张。”笛卡尔希望神学家们在意识到他们自身的观点遭到驳斥之前，对他的论证深信不疑。
-
关彳山2020-01-21以及他（尼采）令人吃惊的思想自传，自命不凡地命名为《瞧！这个人》（“瞧！这个人”，是彼拉多将耶稣介绍给众人时说的话），书中有些章节标题为《为何我如此智慧》、《为何我如此聪明》以及《为何我能写出这样的好书》。由于（很可能是因梅毒引发的）精神病的发作，尼采短暂而多产的著述生涯到1888年就结束了。
-
羂騕褭2013-09-19Logos is always so.
-
羂騕褭2013-09-19You cannot step into the same river twice.Everything flows and nothing abides; everything gives away and nothing stays fixed.You can’t go home again. Your childhood is lost.The friends of your youth are gone.Your present is slipping away from you.Nothing is ever the same.
-
羂騕褭2013-09-19There is an exchange of all things for fire and of fire for all things.Reality is composed not of a number of things but of a process of continual creation and destruction.War is father and king of all.Conflict is justice.
-
羂騕褭2013-09-19All things that come into being and grow are earth and water. (frag. 9)The following are fit conversations for men reclining on a soft couch by the fire in the winter season, when after a meal they are drinking sweet wine and [crunching hazelnuts]: Who are you, and what is your family? What is your age, my friend? (frag. 17)... but there is nothing praiseworthy in discussing battles of Titans or of Giants or Centaurs, fictions of former ages, nor in plotting violent revolutions. (frag. 21)
-
羂騕褭2013-09-19God is one, supreme among gods and men, and not like mortals in body or in mind.(frag. 1)For all things come from earth, and all things end up by becoming earth... For we are all sprung from earth and water. (frag. 8)
-
羂騕褭2013-09-19Homer and Hesiod attributed to the gods all things which are disreputable and worthy of blame when done by men; and they told of them many lawless deeds, stealing, adultery, and deception of each other. (frag. 7)But mortals suppose that the gods are born (as they themselves are), and that they wear man’s clothing and have a human voice and body. (frag. 5)But if cattle or lions had hands, so as to paint with their hands and produce works of art as men do, they would paint their gods and give them bodies in form like their own – horses like horses, cattle like cattle. (frag. 6).
-
羂騕褭2013-09-19Ratehr, he held the curious view that all things are numbers. Literally understood, this view seems absurd, but Pythagoras meant, among other things, that a correct description of reality must be expressed in terms of mathematical formulas.
-
羂騕褭2013-09-19Anaximenes... like Anaximander, declares that the underlying nature is one and boundless, but not indeterminate as Anaximander held, but definite, saying that it is air. It differs in rarity and density according to the substances [it becomes]. Becoming finer it comes to be fire; being condensed it comes to be wind, then cloud, and when still further condensed it becomes water, then earth, then stones, and the rest come to be out of these.
-
羂騕褭2013-09-19(1)Because the same processes that are at work here are at work everywhere, there is a plurality of universes.(2)The earth needs no support. Because the earth is right smack in the middle of the universe, it is “equidistant from all things.”(3)The four elements concentrate in certain regions – in concentric circles – of the cosmos, with earth (the heavist) in the center, surrounded by a circle of water, then another of air, then one of fire. A wheel of fires our slower earth. What we see as the stars are really holes in the outer ring, or “tubelike vents”, with fire showing through.
-
羂騕褭2013-09-19And from what source things arise, to that they return of necessity when they are destroyed, for they suffer punishment and make reparation to one another for their injustice according to the order of time.
-
羂騕褭2013-09-19(A) The earth floats on water the way a log floats on a pond. (B) All things are full of gods. (C) A magnet (loadstone) must habe a soul, because it is able to produce motion.
-
羂騕褭2013-09-18If there is change, there must be some thing that changes, yet does not change. There must be a unity behind the apparent plurality of things, a Oneness disguised by the superficial plurarity of the world. Otherwise the world would not be a world; rather, it would be a disjointed grouping of unrelated fragments.
-
羂騕褭2013-09-18Wittgenstein once said that a whole philosophy book could be written consisting of nothing but jokes.
-
东门客栈掌柜的2012-12-24Love is the force of unity, bringing together unrelated items to produce new creations, and strife is the force of destruction, breaking down old unities into fragments.